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DecUnit testing is considered as a vital phase in software testing. It is not easy to write unit test cases for everyone, but it demands more practice, knowledge, and techniques. To know everything about Unit testing and tips for writing robust test cases, you should join the Unit Testing Certification program at JanBask Training. Once you are done with the training, go through this Unit Testing Interview Questions blog and evaluate your current skills level. Let us start with basic questions first then we will discuss questions for the advanced workforce too.
Unit Testing is used to check the independent modules of a software app during the development phase. An independent module can be anything like procedure, function, etc. Unit testing is done by developers and testers together before the integration testing. They have to write unit test cases as well if needed.
The working of a unit test case can be divided into 3 phases. At the first stage, it will initialize the specific module of a software app that you want to test. In the second stage, it will execute the test case. In the end, it will analyze the final output.
If you want to check if the final output is right or not, then it becomes state-based.
If you want to check the behavior of functions or procedures, either they are invoked in the right way or not then it is interaction-based.
Yes, I do have practical knowledge of unit test frameworks, Junit, and TestNG.
Several test cases need to be executed repeatedly. If you need test cases for repeated execution then the Junit framework can help you.
Unit Testing is generally done at the development phase so that it can be performed by developers. At the same time, if developers are occupied with other development tasks then unit testing is generally performed by automation engineers and QA experts.
If you want to revamp any existing code, then this technique is used. It is generally done in small steps where only the code is changed not the functionality or the logic. It helps in bug fixing too.
Users are generally confused between the unit testing and integration testing. Here is a quick comparison between the two for your reference.
Starting testing at the last phase is not effective but it should be performed day by day. Mostly, Unit testing starts at the development phase continues until the deployment. When testing is not performed from the very first stage, it saves your time, efforts, and investments too.
Here is the sample code for your reference.
@Test (expected = IndexOutOfBoundsException.class)
Public Void outOfBounds () {
New ArrayList<object>().get(1);
}
Here is the sample code for your reference.
@Test (timeout=100)
Public Void infinity() {
While (true);
}
It acts like documentation where the functionality of each individual component is recorded. Also, you can track quickly, what to test, and when.
Read: How To Become A Quality Assurance Tester?
When you are working with unit test cases, it helps to avoid long classes, functions, procedures, etc. There is no need to write lengthy code but focus on testing functionality of each small component step by step. It will make the development of large apps easy.
It is a class that is good for implementing interfaces without any logic. It just returns good or bad based on the implementation findings.
It is a class that is suitable for exceptional handling, and it will give you a detailed idea of when a particular method was called. In case a method was not called by this class then you will be notified for the same.
Stubs can set dynamic values when exceptions are thrown by methods. It works similar to mock classes but does not give any idea of either methods were called or not.
It helps in working on interactions how different modules are connected to each other. Also, it tests the particular block of the code in isolation.
You have to check a total number of decision points within the code to compute the cyclomatic complexity. In case, the value is higher, achieving the code coverage can be tough. So, try to keep the number of decision points as minimum as possible.
It is more decision points, big methods, and multiple conditional loops.
Here are the steps that you should follow while performing the Unit Testing.
It will give you a complete idea of which extent an application has been tested. It will highlight the area of the code that has not been entertained by test cases yet. You can quickly take actions on the highlighted area and make your application more suitable for the deployment.
The code coverage techniques are given below for testing any software app.
They can be given as:
It will study all statements in the code and recommends the necessary actions that can be taken as per the requirement. You can use the given formula for the statement coverage in Unit Testing.
Read: List of Top 12 Software Performance Testing Tools to Help You The Most!
Statement coverage = (number of executed statements / total number of statements) x 100
It can be given as:
Prints (int a, int b) { -------- Printsum is a function
int result =a+b;
if (result> 0)
Print ("positive",result)
Else
Print ("Negative", Result)
} ----------- End of the Source Code
There are Boolean expressions within a software app. It will report the True or False result for a Boolean Expression. It is tough to implement, so developers have to extra careful when working on the decision coverage. You can use the given formula for the Decision coverage in Unit Testing.
Decision Coverage = Number of decision outcomes exercised / Total Number of Decision Outcomes
It will help you in understanding the final output from each module. For example, if it is binary output, then it will check for the same. It will help you to check either all modules are tested once or not. You can use the given formula for the Branch coverage in Unit Testing.
Branch Coverage = Number of Executed Branches / Total Number of Branches
As the name suggests, it is suitable for conditional statements. It will check how expressions are evaluated for any conditional statement. It does not give a guaranteed output still useful in different test scenarios. You can use the given formula for the Conditional coverage in Unit Testing.
Condition Coverage = Number of Executed Operands / Total Number of Operands
Well, various tools can be used for the testing purpose. Here are a few popular ones that I have used in the past.
These are common myths associated with the Unit Testing that there is no need to perform the testing and it is time-consuming too. But the truth is unit testing is a mandatory approach that makes things easier for developers and smoothens other testing approaches too.
Here is a list of benefits I did notice when I was working on the last testing project.
It is not expected to highlight each error in the software program. Also, it cannot work on integration errors but check independent units. This is the reason why unit testing needs to combine with other testing types like integration or performance testing.
Final Words:
The blog lists all important questions that may be asked by you when you appear for a Unit test Interview. Check them thoroughly and try to find answers on your own. You may be asked to write unit test cases at a higher level, so be prepared for that. If you don’t know how to write test cases practically then join the Unit Testing certification program at JanBask Training now and expand your knowledge base right away. Our experts will give you a depth idea of basic concepts, type of testing, testing methodologies at the basic level. Moving ahead, you will learn writing test cases and executing test scripts at the advanced level. So, enroll now and get certified!
Read: What is SDLC Phases? Software Development Life Cycle Models
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