How can I approach Configuration for a site by using force.com?

In the context of Salesforce, you can define a site in Salesforce and configure the settings while trying to set up a custom website by using Force.com sites. You can try the following steps which are given below:-

Creating a force.com site

First, you would need to navigate to “sites” so that you can create a new force.com site. Here you should define the Domain name and configure the setting related to security.

Access control

You can leverage the Salesforce profile and even permission for setting control access to the site.

You can use the Visualforce pages or even lightning Components for the task of implementing a custom authentication mechanism if needed.

Data visibility

You can control the visibility of the data by defining sharing files and by using security related to the field level.

Integration challenges

You should be aware of governor limits like as number of SOQL queries during the time attempting to integrate Salesforce data on the particular site.

You can use the following example which is of a visual page to display data on the site:-

In apex:

Public class SiteController {
    Public List customObjectList { get; set; }
    Public SiteController() {
        // Query Salesforce data for display on the site
        customObjectList = [SELECT Name, CustomField__c FROM CustomObject__c LIMIT 10];
    }
}