Maximum and Minimum values for ints

In programming, the maximum and minimum values for integers are defined by the system's architecture and the programming language you're using. These limits are determined by the number of bits allocated to store an integer. When you try to exceed these limits, you may encounter overflow or underflow errors.

 Integer Limits in Common Programming Languages:

In C and C++:

int typically uses 32 bits, so the range is:

  Minimum: -2,147,483,648

  Maximum: 2,147,483,647

You can use long or long long for larger ranges.

In Python:

Python's int type is arbitrary-precision, meaning it can grow as large as your memory allows. There are no fixed limits unless system memory is exceeded.

In Java:

The int type in Java is 32 bits, so the range is the same as in C/C++:

  Minimum: -2,147,483,648

  Maximum: 2,147,483,647

You can use long for larger values (64 bits).

In [removed]

• JavaScript uses 64-bit floating-point numbers for all numbers, which gives a large range but may cause precision issues for very large integers.
  
• For exact large integer values, you can use BigInt.
  

 Handling Overflow and Underflow:

• Overflow happens when a value exceeds the maximum limit, wrapping around to the minimum (or vice versa for underflow).
  
• Solution: Always check or handle boundaries before performing calculations, especially in languages with fixed integer sizes.
  

 Key Takeaway:

Different languages have different integer limits, and it's important to know these boundaries, especially when working with large datasets or performing complex calculations. For languages with fixed integer sizes, consider using larger data types or libraries (like BigInt in JavaScript or long in C/C++).