&& (AND) and || (OR) in IF statements

In programming, && (AND) and || (OR) are logical operators that are commonly used in if statements to evaluate multiple conditions at once. Understanding how they work is essential for controlling the flow of your program and making decisions based on more than one criterion.

&& (AND) Operator

The AND operator returns true only if all conditions are true. If any one condition is false, the entire expression evaluates to false. This is useful when you want to execute code only when multiple requirements are met.

Example:

let age = 25;

let hasLicense = true;

if (age >= 18 && hasLicense) {

    console.log("You can drive.");

}

Here, the message is displayed only if both conditions — age >= 18 and hasLicense — are true.

|| (OR) Operator

The OR operator returns true if at least one condition is true. It’s useful when multiple alternatives are acceptable.

Example:

let day = "Saturday";

if (day === "Saturday" || day === "Sunday") {

    console.log("It's the weekend!");

}

Here, the message appears if day is either "Saturday" or "Sunday".

Key Points to Remember

• Combining operators: You can use both && and || in the same if statement, but use parentheses to ensure correct order of evaluation.
  
• Short-circuiting:
  

&& stops evaluating as soon as a false condition is found.
|| stops evaluating as soon as a true condition is found.

• Readable code: Use these operators carefully to keep conditions clear and understandable.
  

 In short, && and || help you make decisions in your code by combining multiple conditions logically, making your programs more flexible and robust.